{"id":24532,"date":"2024-10-30T19:24:56","date_gmt":"2024-10-30T22:24:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/?p=24532"},"modified":"2026-04-28T13:29:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T16:29:19","slug":"struktura-katalogow-linuxa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/lestructura-de-directorios-de-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"Struktura katalog\u00f3w Linuxa \u2013 wyja\u015bnienie"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Wyja\u015bnienie struktury katalog\u00f3w Linuxa.<\/h2>\n<p>Struktura katalog\u00f3w Linuksa jest kluczowa dla zrozumienia, jak dzia\u0142a ten pot\u0119\u017cny system operacyjny, powszechnie u\u017cywany na serwerach i komputerach osobistych.<\/p>\n<p>W systemie Linux wszystko zaczyna si\u0119 od katalogu g\u0142\u00f3wnego, symbolizowanego uko\u015bnikiem. <strong>(\/)<\/strong>, kt\u00f3ry stanowi punkt wyj\u015bcia, od kt\u00f3rego rozga\u0142\u0119ziaj\u0105 si\u0119 wszystkie inne katalogi.<\/p>\n<p>W tej hierarchii znajdziemy takie podstawowe katalogi jak: <strong>\/kosz<\/strong>zawieraj\u0105cy podstawowe pliki wykonywalne systemu oraz \/etc, w kt\u00f3rym przechowywane s\u0105 krytyczne pliki konfiguracyjne.<\/p>\n<p>Katalog <strong>\/dom<\/strong> Jest to szczeg\u00f3lnie istotne dla u\u017cytkownik\u00f3w, poniewa\u017c znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 tam ich osobiste pliki i ustawienia.<\/p>\n<p>Innym kluczowym katalogiem jest <strong>\/zmienna<\/strong>, kt\u00f3ry zapisuje pliki zmiennych, takie jak dzienniki systemowe i kolejki wydruku.<\/p>\n<p>Zrozumienie sposobu organizacji tych katalog\u00f3w nie tylko u\u0142atwia nawigacj\u0119 i zarz\u0105dzanie systemem, ale ma r\u00f3wnie\u017c kluczowe znaczenie dla <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/powinienes-wylaczyc-telefon\/\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"788\" target=\"_blank\">bezpiecze\u0144stwo<\/a> i wydajno\u015b\u0107 przy zarz\u0105dzaniu serwerami Linux.<\/p>\n<p>Ta hierarchiczna i logiczna struktura nie tylko <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/chris-titus-dla-windows\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"141\">optymalizuje<\/a> dzia\u0142anie systemu, ale tak\u017ce umo\u017cliwia \u0142atw\u0105 skalowalno\u015b\u0107 i personalizacj\u0119, co sprawia, \u017ce Linux jest popularnym wyborem w\u015br\u00f3d programist\u00f3w i administrator\u00f3w system\u00f3w w Argentynie i na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie.<\/p>\n<p>Je\u015bli pochodzisz z <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/emulatory-nintendo-switch-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1243\">Windows<\/a>, struktura systemu plik\u00f3w Linux mo\u017ce wygl\u0105da\u0107 szczeg\u00f3lnie dziwnie.<\/p>\n<p>Dysk C:\\ i jego litery znikn\u0119\u0142y, zast\u0105pione zosta\u0142y przez \/ i tajemniczo brzmi\u0105ce katalogi, z kt\u00f3rych wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 ma trzyliterowe nazwy.<\/p>\n<p>Standard hierarchii <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/usuwanie-plikow-w-systemie-windows-11-zajmuje-duzo-czasu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"207\">system plik\u00f3w<\/a> <strong>(FHS)<\/strong> definiuje struktur\u0119 system\u00f3w plik\u00f3w w systemie Linux i innych systemach operacyjnych podobnych do systemu Linux <strong>UNIX<\/strong>. Jednak systemy plik\u00f3w Linux zawieraj\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c pewne katalogi, kt\u00f3re nie zosta\u0142y jeszcze zdefiniowane w standardzie.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ndash-the-root-directory\">\/ \u2013 Katalog g\u0142\u00f3wny<\/h2>\n<p>Wszystko w systemie Linux znajduje si\u0119 w katalogu \/, zwanym katalogiem g\u0142\u00f3wnym. Mo\u017cesz my\u015ble\u0107 o katalogu \/ podobnie jak o katalogu C: <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/kategoria-2\/okna\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2285\">Windows<\/a>ale nie jest to do ko\u0144ca prawd\u0105, poniewa\u017c Linux nie posiada liter dysk\u00f3w. Podczas gdy inna partycja b\u0119dzie znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w D: <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/jak-sprawdzic-stan-swojego-laptopa-z-systemem-windows\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2074\">Windows<\/a>, ta druga partycja pojawi si\u0119 w innym folderze w \/ w systemie Linux.<\/p>\n<picture> <\/picture><picture> <\/picture><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":839} --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":839,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":61,\"nextBlockCount\":595,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1434} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":839} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":1,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":1,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":1,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"bin-ndash-essential-user-binaries\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83173\" src=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-root-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif\" alt=\"El directorio ra\u00edz\" width=\"825\" height=\"518\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-root-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif 825w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-root-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-300x188.avif 300w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-root-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-768x482.avif 768w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-root-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-18x12.avif 18w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-root-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-750x471.avif 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/>\/bin \u2013 Podstawowe pliki binarne u\u017cytkownika<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/bin zawiera podstawowe pliki binarne u\u017cytkownika (programy), kt\u00f3re musz\u0105 by\u0107 obecne, gdy system jest zamontowany w trybie pojedynczego u\u017cytkownika. Ten <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/problemy-z-gmailem-w-chrome\/\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"105\" target=\"_blank\">aplikacje<\/a> Podobnie jak w przypadku przegl\u0105darki Firefox, je\u015bli nie zostan\u0105 zainstalowane jako pliki Snap, s\u0105 przechowywane w katalogu \/usr\/bin, natomiast wa\u017cne programy systemowe i narz\u0119dzia, takie jak pow\u0142oka bash, znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w katalogu \/bin. Katalog \/usr mo\u017ce by\u0107 zapisany na innej partycji. Umieszczenie tych plik\u00f3w w katalogu \/bin gwarantuje, \u017ce system b\u0119dzie mia\u0142 dost\u0119p do tych wa\u017cnych narz\u0119dzi nawet wtedy, gdy nie zostanie zamontowany \u017caden inny system plik\u00f3w. Katalog \/sbin jest podobny: zawiera niezb\u0119dne pliki binarne do administrowania systemem.<\/p>\n<picture><source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" data-=\"\" \/><\/picture><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":774} --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":774,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":126,\"nextBlockCount\":266,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1040} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":774} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":2,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":2,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":2,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"boot-ndash-static-boot-files\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83174\" src=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-bin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif\" alt=\"Binarios de usuario esenciales\" width=\"825\" height=\"510\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-bin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif 825w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-bin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-300x185.avif 300w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-bin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-768x475.avif 768w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-bin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-18x12.avif 18w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-bin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-750x464.avif 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/>\/boot \u2013 Statyczne pliki rozruchowe<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/boot zawiera pliki potrzebne do uruchomienia systemu. Na przyk\u0142ad, pliki programu rozruchowego GRUB i j\u0105dra Linux s\u0105 przechowywane tutaj. Pliki konfiguracyjne bootloadera nie znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 jednak w tym miejscu; znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w \/etc wraz z innymi plikami konfiguracyjnymi.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":140} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":140} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"cdrom-ndash-historical-mount-point-for-cd-roms\">\/cdrom \u2013 Historyczny punkt montowania dla CD-ROM-u<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/cdrom nie jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 standardu FHS, ale nadal mo\u017cna go znale\u017a\u0107 w Ubuntu i innych <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/piaskownica-systemu-windows-11\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"620\">systemy operacyjne<\/a>. Jest to tymczasowa lokalizacja dla p\u0142yt CD-ROM umieszczonych w systemie. Jednak standardow\u0105 lokalizacj\u0105 no\u015bnik\u00f3w tymczasowych jest katalog \/media.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":401} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":401} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dev-ndash-device-files\">\/dev \u2013 Pliki urz\u0105dze\u0144<\/h2>\n<p>Linux udost\u0119pnia urz\u0105dzenia jako pliki, a katalog \/dev zawiera szereg specjalnych plik\u00f3w reprezentuj\u0105cych urz\u0105dzenia. Nie s\u0105 to prawdziwe pliki, jakie znamy, ale wygl\u0105daj\u0105 jak pliki. Na przyk\u0142ad \/dev\/sda oznacza pierwszy dysk SATA w systemie. Je\u015bli chcesz go podzieli\u0107 na partycje, mo\u017cesz uruchomi\u0107 edytor partycji i poleci\u0107 mu edycj\u0119 \/dev\/sda.<!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":749} --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":749,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":151,\"nextBlockCount\":324,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1073} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":3,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":3,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":3,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p>W tym katalogu znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 r\u00f3wnie\u017c pseudourz\u0105dzenia, czyli urz\u0105dzenia wirtualne, kt\u00f3re w rzeczywisto\u015bci nie odpowiadaj\u0105 <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/27-monitor-do-gier-oled\/\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"457\" target=\"_blank\">sprz\u0119t komputerowy<\/a>. Na przyk\u0142ad \/dev\/random generuje liczby losowe. \/dev\/null to specjalne urz\u0105dzenie, kt\u00f3re nie generuje \u017cadnych danych wyj\u015bciowych i automatycznie odrzuca wszystkie dane wej\u015bciowe; Gdy przekazujesz dane wyj\u015bciowe polecenia do \/dev\/null, to je anulujesz.<\/p>\n<picture><source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" data-=\"\" \/><\/picture> <!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":413} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":413} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"etc-ndash-configuration-files\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83175\" src=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-dev-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif\" alt=\"dev \u2013 Archivos de dispositivo\" width=\"825\" height=\"510\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-dev-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif 825w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-dev-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-300x185.avif 300w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-dev-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-768x475.avif 768w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-dev-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-18x12.avif 18w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-dev-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-750x464.avif 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/>\/etc \u2013 Pliki konfiguracyjne<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/etc zawiera pliki konfiguracyjne, kt\u00f3re zazwyczaj mo\u017cna edytowa\u0107 r\u0119cznie w <a title=\"Redaktor Vi: Trik z Linuksem, o kt\u00f3rym ma\u0142o kto wie! Odkryj go! \ud83d\udd25\" href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/redaktor-vi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"6129\">edytor tekstu<\/a>Nale\u017cy pami\u0119ta\u0107, \u017ce katalog \/etc\/ zawiera pliki konfiguracyjne dla ca\u0142ego systemu. Pliki konfiguracyjne specyficzne dla u\u017cytkownika znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w katalogu domowym ka\u017cdego u\u017cytkownika.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":666} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":4,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":4,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":4,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":666} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"home-ndash-home-folders\">\/home \u2013 Foldery domowe<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/home zawiera folder domowy ka\u017cdego u\u017cytkownika. Na przyk\u0142ad, je\u017celi Twoja nazwa u\u017cytkownika to bob, Tw\u00f3j folder domowy znajduje si\u0119 w \/home\/bob. Ten folder domowy zawiera pliki danych u\u017cytkownika i pliki konfiguracyjne specyficzne dla u\u017cytkownika. Ka\u017cdy u\u017cytkownik ma prawo zapisu wy\u0142\u0105cznie do swojego folderu domowego i musi mie\u0107 przyznane podwy\u017cszone uprawnienia (uprawnienia roota), aby m\u00f3c modyfikowa\u0107 inne pliki w systemie.<\/p>\n<picture><source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" data-=\"\" \/><\/picture> <!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":240} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":240} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"lib-ndash-essential-shared-libraries\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83176\" src=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-home-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif\" alt=\"home \u2013 Carpetas de inicio\" width=\"825\" height=\"506\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-home-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif 825w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-home-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-300x184.avif 300w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-home-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-768x471.avif 768w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-home-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-18x12.avif 18w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-home-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-750x460.avif 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/>\/lib \u2013 Podstawowe biblioteki wsp\u00f3\u0142dzielone<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/lib zawiera biblioteki niezb\u0119dne dla niezb\u0119dnych plik\u00f3w binarnych w folderach \/bin i \/sbin. Biblioteki potrzebne plikom binarnym w folderze \/usr\/bin znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w \/usr\/lib. Zobaczysz r\u00f3wnie\u017c homologiczny folder \/lib64 w systemach 64-bitowych.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":484} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":484} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"lost-found-ndash-recovered-files\">\/lost+found \u2013 Odzyskane pliki<\/h2>\n<p>Ka\u017cdy system plik\u00f3w Linux ma katalog lost+found. Je\u017celi system plik\u00f3w ulegnie awarii, podczas nast\u0119pnego rozruchu zostanie przeprowadzone sprawdzenie systemu plik\u00f3w. Ka\u017cdy <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/napraw-uszkodzone-pliki-w-systemie-windows\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3497\">uszkodzony plik<\/a> znalezione dane zostan\u0105 umieszczone w katalogu lost+found, dzi\u0119ki czemu b\u0119dziesz m\u00f3g\u0142 podj\u0105\u0107 pr\u00f3b\u0119 odzyskania jak najwi\u0119kszej ilo\u015bci danych.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":740} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":740} --><\/p>\n<p>El directorio \/media contiene subdirectorios donde se montan los dispositivos de medios extra\u00edbles insertados en la computadora. Por ejemplo, cuando inserta un CD en su sistema Linux, se crear\u00e1 autom\u00e1ticamente un directorio dentro del directorio \/media. Puede acceder al contenido del CD dentro de este directorio.<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":5,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":5,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":1044} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":5,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mnt-ndash-temporary-mount-points\">\/mnt \u2013 Tymczasowe punkty montowania<\/h2>\n<p>Historycznie rzecz bior\u0105c, katalog \/mnt by\u0142 miejscem, w kt\u00f3rym administratorzy systemu montowali tymczasowe systemy plik\u00f3w podczas ich u\u017cytkowania. Na przyk\u0142ad, je\u015bli montujesz partycj\u0119 <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/wlacz-srodowisko-odzyskiwania\/\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"437\" target=\"_blank\">Okna umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 wykonanie niekt\u00f3rych operacji odzyskiwania<\/a> plik\u00f3w, mo\u017cesz zamontowa\u0107 je w \/mnt\/windows. Mo\u017cna jednak montowa\u0107 inne systemy plik\u00f3w w dowolnym miejscu systemu.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":317} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":317} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"opt-ndash-optional-packages\">\/opt \u2013 Pakiety opcjonalne<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/opt zawiera podkatalogi pakiet\u00f3w. <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/kategoria-2\/oprogramowanie-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1588\">oprogramowanie<\/a> fakultatywny. Jest powszechnie u\u017cywany przez <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/nowa-wersja-benchmarku-cpu-z-2-0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2970\">oprogramowanie<\/a> w\u0142a\u015bciciel, kt\u00f3ry nie przestrzega standardowej hierarchii systemu plik\u00f3w. Na przyk\u0142ad program zastrze\u017cony mo\u017ce podczas instalacji zrzuci\u0107 swoje pliki do katalogu \/opt\/application.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":585} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":585} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"proc-ndash-kernel-and-process-files\">\/proc \u2013 Pliki proces\u00f3w i j\u0105dra<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/proc jest podobny do katalogu \/dev, poniewa\u017c nie zawiera standardowych plik\u00f3w. Zawiera specjalne pliki, kt\u00f3re reprezentuj\u0105 informacje o systemie i sprz\u0119cie. <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/komentarze-intela-na-temat-arrow-lake\/\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"972\" target=\"_blank\">proces<\/a>.<\/p>\n<picture><source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" data-=\"\" \/><\/picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83177\" src=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-proc-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif\" alt=\"proc \u2013 Archivos de proceso y kernel\" width=\"825\" height=\"506\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-proc-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif 825w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-proc-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-300x184.avif 300w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-proc-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-768x471.avif 768w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-proc-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-18x12.avif 18w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-proc-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-750x460.avif 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/> <!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":6,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":6,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":990} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":6,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><br \/>\n<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"root-ndash-root-home-directory\">\/root \u2013 katalog domowy g\u0142\u00f3wny<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/root jest katalogiem domowym u\u017cytkownika root. Zamiast znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w \/home\/root, znajduje si\u0119 on w \/root. Jest to katalog odr\u0119bny od \/, kt\u00f3ry oznacza katalog g\u0142\u00f3wny systemu.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":183} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":183} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"run-ndash-application-state-files\">\/run \u2013 pliki stanu aplikacji<\/h2>\n<p>El directorio \/run brinda a las aplicaciones un lugar est\u00e1ndar para almacenar los archivos transitorios que necesitan, como sockets e ID de procesos. Estos archivos no se pueden almacenar en \/tmp porque es posible que se eliminen.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":379} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":379} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"sbin-ndash-system-administration-binaries\">\/sbin \u2013 pliki binarne do administrowania systemem<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/sbin jest podobny do katalogu \/bin. Zawiera niezb\u0119dne pliki binarne, kt\u00f3re powinny by\u0107 uruchamiane przez u\u017cytkownika root w celu administrowania systemem.<\/p>\n<picture><source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" data-=\"\" \/><\/picture><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83178\" src=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-sbin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif\" alt=\"sbin \u2013 Binarios de administraci\u00f3n del sistema\" width=\"825\" height=\"506\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-sbin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif 825w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-sbin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-300x184.avif 300w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-sbin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-768x471.avif 768w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-sbin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-18x12.avif 18w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-sbin-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-750x460.avif 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/> <!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":785} --><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":785} --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":785,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":115,\"nextBlockCount\":274,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1059} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":7,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":7,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":7,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"snap-ndash-storage-for-snap-packages\">\/snap \u2013 Przechowywanie pakiet\u00f3w Snap<\/h2>\n<p>Innym katalogiem, kt\u00f3ry nie jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 FHS, ale mo\u017cna go obecnie cz\u0119sto spotka\u0107, jest \/snap. Zawiera zainstalowane pakiety Snap i inne pliki powi\u0105zane ze Snap. Ubuntu teraz domy\u015blnie u\u017cywa Snap\u00f3w, ale je\u015bli u\u017cywasz innej dystrybucji, kt\u00f3ra tego nie robi, nie zobaczysz tego katalogu.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":159} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":159} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"srv-ndash-service-data\">\/srv \u2013 Dane serwisowe<\/h2>\n<p>El directorio \/srv contiene \u00abdatos de los servicios proporcionados por el sistema. Si estuviera utilizando el servidor HTTP Apache para servir un sitio web, probablemente almacenar\u00eda los archivos de su sitio web en un directorio dentro del directorio \/srv.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":373} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":373} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"tmp-ndash-temporary-files\">\/tmp \u2013 Pliki tymczasowe<\/h2>\n<p>Ten <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/10-jednorazowych-e-maili\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1097\">aplikacje<\/a> przechowuj pliki tymczasowe w katalogu \/tmp. Pliki te s\u0105 zazwyczaj usuwane przy ka\u017cdym ponownym uruchomieniu systemu i mo\u017cna je usun\u0105\u0107 w dowolnym momencie za pomoc\u0105 narz\u0119dzi takich jak systemd-tmpfiles.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":568} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":568} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"usr-ndash-user-binaries-amp-read-only-data\">\/usr \u2013 pliki binarne u\u017cytkownika i dane tylko do odczytu<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/usr zawiera <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/ilu-przyjaciol\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1394\">aplikacje<\/a> i pliki u\u017cywane przez u\u017cytkownik\u00f3w, w przeciwie\u0144stwie do aplikacji i plik\u00f3w u\u017cywanych przez system. Na przyk\u0142ad aplikacje nieb\u0119d\u0105ce niezb\u0119dne znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w katalogu \/usr\/bin, a nie w katalogu \/bin, a pliki binarne nieb\u0119d\u0105ce niezb\u0119dne do administrowania systemem znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w katalogu \/usr\/sbin, a nie w katalogu \/sbin. Biblioteki dla ka\u017cdej z nich znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w katalogu \/usr\/lib. Katalog \/usr zawiera r\u00f3wnie\u017c inne katalogi. Na przyk\u0142ad pliki niezale\u017cne od architektury, takie jak pliki graficzne, znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w katalogu \/usr\/share.<!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":8,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":8,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":1121} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":9,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":9,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":8,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"actualCount\":0} --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":false,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":0,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":null,\"countRemainingForInjection\":null,\"nextBlockCount\":null,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":null} --><\/p>\n<p>Pliki s\u0105 instalowane w katalogu \/usr\/local. <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/zalecenia-microsoft-copilot-dotyczace-korzystania-ze-sztucznej-inteligencji-w-systemie-windows\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"539\">aplikacje<\/a> kompilowane lokalnie domy\u015blnie. Dzi\u0119ki temu nie uszkodz\u0105 reszty systemu.<\/p>\n<picture><source media=\"(min-width: 1024px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 768px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 481px)\" data-=\"\" \/><source media=\"(min-width: 0px)\" data-=\"\" \/><\/picture> <!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":9,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":9,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":9,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":385} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":9,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":9,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":9,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":385} --><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"var-ndash-variable-data-files\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-83179\" src=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-usr-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif\" alt=\"usr \u2013 Binarios de usuario y datos de s\u00f3lo lectura\" width=\"825\" height=\"506\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-usr-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux.avif 825w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-usr-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-300x184.avif 300w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-usr-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-768x471.avif 768w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-usr-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-18x12.avif 18w, https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/the-usr-directory-in-a-file-browser-on-ubuntu-linux-750x460.avif 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 825px) 100vw, 825px\" \/>\/var \u2013 Pliki danych zmiennych<\/h2>\n<p>Katalog \/var jest zapisywalnym odpowiednikiem katalogu \/usr, kt\u00f3ry podczas normalnego u\u017cytkowania powinien by\u0107 przeznaczony tylko do odczytu. Pliki dziennika i wszystkie inne dane, kt\u00f3re normalnie by\u0142yby zapisywane w katalogu \/usr podczas normalnego dzia\u0142ania programu, s\u0105 zapisywane w katalogu \/var. Na przyk\u0142ad znajdziesz <a href=\"https:\/\/mastertrend.info\/pl\/otworz-urzadzenia-i-drukarki-w-systemie-windows-11\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3813\">pliki dziennika<\/a> w \/var\/log.<\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":9,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":9,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":9,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":675} --><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":9,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":9,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":9,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":675} --><\/p>\n<p>Aby uzyska\u0107 bardziej szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe informacje techniczne na temat hierarchii systemu plik\u00f3w Linux, zobacz <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pathname.com\/fhs\/pub\/fhs-2.3.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dokumentacja standardu hierarchii systemu plik\u00f3w<\/a>.<!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":9,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":9,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":9,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":811} --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"currentRuleCount\":900,\"actualCount\":811,\"hasActualCountMetThreshold\":true,\"countRemainingForInjection\":89,\"nextBlockCount\":320,\"hasCountRemainingForInjectionMetThreshold\":true,\"nextCount\":1131} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"before\",\"adPosition\":9,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":9,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":9,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":900} --><!-- Zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"after\",\"adPosition\":10,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":10,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":9,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"isEarlyInjection\":true,\"actualCount\":0} --><\/p>\n<p><!-- No repeatable ad for zone: character count repeatable. --><!-- Repeatable debug data: {\"injection\":\"none\",\"adPosition\":10,\"startingPoint\":0,\"skipEvery\":null,\"nbrPlacementFilledEachSkip\":10,\"nbrPlacementsScanned\":10,\"ruleCount\":900,\"degradationStartingPoint\":1,\"stopAds\":null,\"actualCount\":231} --><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Struktura katalog\u00f3w Linuksa jest kluczowa dla zrozumienia dzia\u0142ania tego pot\u0119\u017cnego systemu operacyjnego.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":83170,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ai_generated_summary":"","iawp_total_views":59,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored 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